![]() ![]() In this context, a frame is typically an entity at the physical layer. In telecommunications, specifically in time-division multiplex (TDM) and time-division multiple access (TDMA) variants, a frame is a cyclically repeated data block that consists of a fixed number of time slots, one for each logical TDM channel or TDMA transmitter. ![]() For example, when using Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) over asynchronous serial communication, the eight bits of each individual byte are framed by start and stop bits, the payload data bytes in a network packet are framed by the header and footer, and several packets can be framed with frame boundary octets. Often, frames of several different sizes are nested inside each other. Examples are Ethernet frames, Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) frames, Fibre Channel frames, and V.42 modem frames. A frame is a series of bits generally composed of frame synchronization bits, the packet payload, and a frame check sequence. A frame is "the unit of transmission in a link layer protocol, and consists of a link layer header followed by a packet." Each frame is separated from the next by an interframe gap. Frames are the result of the final layer of encapsulation before the data is transmitted over the physical layer. In the OSI model of computer networking, a frame is the protocol data unit at the data link layer.
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